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MPLS Module Installation and User Guide 1-7
About MPLS Layer-2 VPNs
By mapping to a specific FEC, the MPLS label efficiently provides the router with all of
the local link information needed for immediate forwarding to the next hop. MPLS
creates a Label Switched Path (LSP) along which each Label Switch Router (LSR) can
make forwarding decisions based solely upon the content of the labels. At each hop,
the LSR simply strips off the existing label and applies a new one that tells the next LSR
how to forward the packet.
About MPLS Layer-2 VPNs
As networks grow and become more pervasive, the need to separate the physical
network infrastructure from the logical network or VLAN organization has become
increasingly important. By logically separating the network topology from the service
provided by the physical network, services are more easily managed, reliability through
increased redundancy is improved, and you gain more efficient use of the physical
network infrastructure.
By mapping a VLAN to a specific set of MPLS tunnels, you can create virtual private
networks (VPNs). Within a VPN, all traffic is opaquely transported across the service
provider network. Each VPN can be managed and provisioned independently.
VPNs may have two or more customer points of presence (PoP). All PoPs are
interconnected using point-to-point tunnels. If there are two PoPs in the VPN, the VPN
is considered to be point-to-point. If there are more than two PoPs in the VPN, the VPN
is considered to be multipoint. Multipoint VPNs can be fully-meshed or hub-and-spoke.
Layer-2 VPNs are constructed from a set of interconnected point-to-point MPLS tunnels.
Tunnel endpoint nodes operate as virtual VPN switches, bridging traffic between
tunnels and the local egress VLAN. MAC caching is integrated into the MPLS module.
Source MAC addresses within each VPN are associated with the tunnel from which the
packet is received. Up to 256K MAC addresses can be cached. Within a VPN, once a
MAC address has been learned, unicast traffic destined to the cached MAC address is
transmitted over a single tunnel. Integrated VPN MAC caching enhancement increases
network performance and improves VPN scalability.
- MPLS Module Installation 1
- Contents 3
- 3 Configuring the MPLS Module 4
- 5 Configuring RSVP-TE 6
- 6 MPLS and IP Routing 7
- Index of Commands 10
- Introduction 11
- Conventions 12
- Related Publications 13
- Overview 15
- Summary of Features 16
- MPLS Module LED Indicators 18
- Service Port 19
- Console Port 19
- About BlackDiamond Modules 19
- About the MPLS Module 20
- About MPLS 20
- About MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 21
- About IP Unicast Forwarding 22
- Installing or Replacing an 25
- MPLS Module 25
- Safety Information 27
- MPLS Module Slot Locations 28
- Preparing for Installation 29
- (a) Loosen 31
- (b) Pivot 31
- LED Indicators 32
- Troubleshooting 33
- Table 2-1: MPLS Module LEDs 34
- Fixing Configuration Errors 35
- Fixing Power-Related Problems 36
- command to reload the image 37
- Tools and Equipment 38
- Removing an MPLS Module 38
- Configuring the MPLS Module 41
- MPLS Terms and Acronyms 42
- Overview of MPLS 43
- Label Switched Paths 44
- Label Retention Modes 45
- Label Switch Routers 46
- MPLS cloud 47
- MPLS Layer 48
- Label Stack Encoding 49
- Penultimate Hop Popping 50
- Label Binding 50
- Label Space Partitioning 50
- Configuring MPLS 52
- Configuring Interfaces 55
- You must maintain identical 56
- settings on all LERs in the 56
- Configuring QoS Mappings 57
- Dot1p-to-exp Mappings 58
- Exp-to-dot1p Mappings 58
- Protocol 63
- Advertising Labels 64
- Propagating Labels 64
- Configuring LDP 65
- Configuring LDP on a VLAN 68
- Configuring LDP Filters 68
- Restoring LDP Session Timers 71
- RSVP Elements 76
- Path Message 77
- Reservation Message 78
- Path Error Message 78
- Reservation Error Message 78
- Path Tear Message 78
- Reservation Styles 79
- Bandwidth Reservation 80
- Bandwidth Accounting 81
- RSVP State 81
- Traffic Engineering 82
- RSVP Objects 83
- RSVP Features 84
- Route Recording 85
- Explicit Route Path LSPs 85
- Redundant LSPs 86
- Improving LSP Scaling 87
- Configuring RSVP-TE on a VLAN 90
- Configuring an RSVP-TE Path 92
- Configuring an Explicit Route 93
- Configuring an RSVP-TE LSP 97
- Displaying the RSVP-TE LSP 99
- Configuration Example 100
- 172.25.23.32/30 101
- Primary LSP 101
- Secondary LSP 101
- Configuring RSVP-TE 102
- MPLS and IP Routing 105
- Routing Using LSPs 106
- 10.1.1.1/32 10.2.1.1 31 30 107
- 10.0.1.0/24 10.2.1.1 32 31 107
- 10.0.2.0/24 10.2.1.1 33 31 107
- 10.0.3.0/24 10.2.1.1 34 31 107
- Equal Cost LSPs 108
- LSPs and IBGP Next Hops 109
- Configuring MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 111
- Layer-2 VPN Services 112
- MPLS VC Tunnels 112
- Overview of MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 113
- Layer-2 VPN Domains 114
- MAC Learning 114
- TLS VPN Characteristics 115
- Adding a TLS Tunnel 118
- Deleting a TLS Tunnel 119
- 11.0.2.0/24 121
- 11.0.4.0/24 121
- TLS Tunnel 121
- Full Mesh TLS Configuration 122
- Using ESRP with MPLS TLS 127
- Tunnel Endpoint VLANs 128
- LSP Tracking 131
- Accounting 135
- Configuring Access Profiles 137
- Creating an Access Profile 139
- Specifying Subnet Masks 141
- Sequence Numbering 141
- Permit and Deny Entries 141
- Autonomous System Expressions 142
- Configuring Route Maps 143
- Creating a Route Map 145
- Route Map Operation 147
- Data traffic 148
- 192.168.101.0/24 148
- 192.168.102.0/24 148
- 192.168.100.0/24 148
- See the 153
- General Switch Attributes 156
- 802.1p and 802.1Q Commands 158
- VLAN Commands 159
- FDB Commands 159
- Basic IP Commands 159
- Optional 160
- Keywords 160
- ICMP Commands 161
- OSPF Commands 162
- BGP Commands 162
- Route Map Commands 162
- PPP Commands 163
- ESRP and VRRP Commands 163
- Debug Trace Commands 164
- • Quality of Service (QoS) 165
- Supported MIBs and Standards 167
- MIBs Supported for MPLS 168
- Numerics 169
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